I have a legal document I need to get filled out and one of the pieces of information it's asking for is the date/location of marriage termination for my two divorces. Unfortunately one of them was filed by my ex-wife and occurred many years ago. Although my recollection is of receiving confirmation of the divorce being final I don't have any documentation of that any longer and I have multiple friends/family now asking if I'm certain that the divorce was ever done. Kind of a big deal considering I'm married now and that wouldn't be legal if I wasn't actually divorced. Before this I was 100% certain I was divorced but of course now this little bit of Doubt has crept in being that I have no proof of it nor do I recall the information needed for this legal document. My sisters are both very big into genealogy and have subscriptions to both ancestry and 23andMe and have been scouring both looking for this information and have found nothing so far. I contacted the county clerk where we lived when we split up and where I believe she filed for divorce and they have no record of it. I've also checked three other counties including the one we were married in and two in locations where I believe she lived after we split up and none have any record of us and a divorce. Yesterday I paid for a background check with one of the many places online where you can get that kind of information and there's nothing about any of my three marriages or two divorces on it. I've hit a wall here and I don't know where to look next. I'm trying to track my ex-wife down but no luck with that yet either. What should I be doing at this point to get this information??

Video game publisher Take-Two has one of the biggest video game franchises on the market thanks to Grand Theft Auto. The latest game in the franchise is GTA V, which is still incredibly popular despite having launched way back in 2013. Recently, Take-Two filed a 10-K with the SEC that shows what the company plans to spend on marketing over the next five years. That form showed that in fiscal 2024, more money would be spent on marketing than any other fiscal year over the next five years.
The marketing spend for fiscal 2024 ending March 31, 2024, is $89 million, more than twice the amount for other years listed on the form. Analyst Jeff Cohen from investment firm Stephens believes that massive marketing budget will coincide with the launch GTA VI. In other words, the filing suggests the highly anticipated video game may be several more years out than many fans expected.
gta v planes Being a publicly-traded company, Take-Two is required to file a 10-K with financial details each year that outlines its marketing spending for the next five years. The last 10-K form filed in May 2019 showed a spike in marketing costs in fiscal 2023, but that spike has now been shifted to fiscal 2024. Many companies have delayed major projects by a year due to the coronavirus pandemic that forced workers to operate from home and shut down production across the world.
Cohen pointed out that marketing spending has been an accurate predictor of the launch of major games from Take-Two in the past. For example, a marketing spending increase was noted on the 10-K form during the launch year for Red Dead Redemption 2, well before that game was announced. GTA VI is expected to launch sometime between April 2023 and March 2024 according to the filing, assuming there are no further delays.
Past rumors suggested a 2021 launch date, so a launch no sooner than April 2023 is a long time away for gamers. With GTA V and GTA Online still incredibly popular, Rockstar wouldn't be in a rush to launch the new game. And a delayed launch would also ensure that the game is optimized for next-generation Xbox Series X and PlayStation 5 consoles.

Find out where you can watch the action-packed movie Scream VI online. Discover which streaming platforms carry the movie and explore other options for rental and purchase. Stay up-to-date on the latest availability updates for this highly anticipated movie.
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If you're a fan of action movies, then you won't want to miss the latest addition to the genre - "Scream VI". Starring Pierce Brosnan, Nick Cannon, and Jamie Chung, this movie promises to deliver an adrenaline-filled experience from start to finish. But what if you can't make it to the cinema to catch it on the big screen? Don't worry - you can still watch "Scream VI" online.
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There are several ways to stream the movie online, depending on your preferences and location. For those in the US, the movie is available on several popular streaming platforms, including Amazon Prime Video, Google Play, iTunes, Vudu, and YouTube. You can rent or purchase the movie from any of these platforms and watch it from the comfort of your own home.
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If you're subscribed to any of the major streaming services, such as Netflix, Hulu, or HBO Max, unfortunately "Scream VI" isn't currently available. However, it's always worth checking back periodically as movies are added and removed from streaming libraries all the time.
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"Scream VI" is a new action movie starring Pierce Brosnan, Nick Cannon, and Jamie Chung that has been generating a lot of buzz. Fans of the genre may be wondering where they can watch the movie online, and if it's available on popular streaming platforms like Disney Plus, Hulu, HBO Max, Netflix, Amazon, Peacock, or Paramount Plus.
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Unfortunately, at this time, "Scream VI" is not available on any of these platforms. However, the movie is available for rent or purchase on several other popular streaming services, including Amazon Prime Video, Google Play, iTunes, Vudu, and YouTube.
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Here's options for downloading or watching John Wick: Chapter 4 streaming the full Movie online for free on 123 Movies & Reddit including where to watch John Wick: Chapter 4 Movie at home. Is John Wick: Chapter 42022 available to stream? Is watching John Wick: Chapter 4 on Disney Plus, HBO Max, Netflix or Amazon Prime? Yes we have found an authentic streaming option / service. Details on how you can watch John Wick: Chapter 4 for free throughout the year are described below. XXYYZZ

A pair of leaks have turned up on 4Chan that claim to outline details of Rockstar's forthcoming Grand Theft Auto 6. Fans of the franchise would do well to take these rumors with a grain of salt as there's no way to know for sure if any of these details are accurate. The leaker on 4Chan goes by Rhanadeng and claims to have been a friend of a disgruntled employee working on the game during 2019.
The source claims that this employee allegedly asked him to anonymously leak information about GTA 6. However, things later improved, and he lost contact with the Rockstar team member. One key detail is that this person also claims the game has been in active development since 2016 or 2017, with pre-production starting shortly after GTA V was ported to current generation consoles in 2014. The new GTA VI game world map is also claimed to be the size of GTA V and Red Dead Redemption 2 combined.
gta v mission One of the odder bits that this 4Chan user details is a minigame where players control a stream of urine from a protagonist using motion controls. On the protagonist front, there are said to be four in the game, including a driver called Walther Wallace and an unnamed former Israeli IDF person. Another, Thomas Branigan, is a smuggler who owns an aircraft called the Raven, and Marcus Burke is a drug dealer and father to a young boy.
The area is said to be based in Florida, with Vice City among the three major cities with one smaller city in the far northwest of the map. The game reportedly jumps around in time with part of the timeline set in the 1980s and other parts set in the present day. Missions aren't as linear as they are in GTA V or RDR2, notes the proclaimed leaker. Players will briefly visit a small central American island, but it's reportedly not Guarma. The game starts with gamers playing the role of smuggler, Branigan.
gta v car Supposedly there are multiple child characters in the game that mainly interact with Burke and his son. Switching between the protagonists isn't said to be instantaneous, but the camera reportedly zooms out and travels quickly to where the protagonist the player wants to play is located. Sleeping Dogs-inspired parkour is involved in the game as well, but to a lesser extent without wall running. The leaker claims that weapons function more realistically in the game than they have in past titles. An example noted is rocket launcher back blast that ends up taking out an NPC in one of the missions, where the goal is to destroy a helicopter.
Hand-to-hand combat is supported and is said to be similar to Red Dead 2, with the leaker noting it's harder to fight hand-to-hand GTA VI than in GTA V. Player characters can also gain weight in the game, and it affects character attributes as it did in RDR2. Mori Kibbutz is also reportedly in the game, but not much else is detailed about his character.
This leak isn't the first that has surfaced about GTA 6. Last December, a user on reddit claiming to be a beta tester, leaked a bunch of alleged details of the game. In January, another leak claimed that the game would launch in 2021.

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This is somewhat a more casual ramble, but I've been fermenting a theory on this matter- it's long and messy and there may be a 'gotcha' against it that I'm not aware of, but it addresses some issues I've identified in a way I think is parsimonious.

Aldmer and Altmer

'Common knowledge' (as so often is wrong) is that all the Elves descend from a far-away continent called 'Aldmeris'. The first Elves to settle Tamriel were the Altmer, and the rest are their descendants- exiles and migrants who took on new niches.
Anyone familiar with the Lore knows this is not true- likely a fantasy of the Altmer themselves to claim Elven primacy. 'We're the real closest ancestors of the Aldmer, we come from Aldmeris! No, you can't see where Aldmeris is, and stop asking'.
A likely more accurate history is outlined in the Annotated Annuad. Per this, Aldmeris is not a contemporaneous location, but rather, the homeland of the Old Ehlnofey of the Dawn Era. It had no one shape in that primordial chaos, but was the people- the Aldmer's- best attempt at forming one stable kingdom. To cut a very long story short, they followed Auri-el while the Wandering Ehlnofey who walked the world rather than settling followed Lorkhan, the two armies fought, Lorkhan was defeated, and Auri-el and the Aedra activated the Adamantine Tower, stabilising linear time and space. The land of 'Aldmeris' coalesced into the centre of this world- Tamriel- while other continents skirted the edges. The Old Ehlnofey of Tamriel became the Elves, while the Wanderers became men. Ergo, the elves are not children of the Summerset Isles, but true natives of Tamriel from coast to coast, who have lived there since the beginning of time (quite literally).
There's plenty other evidence of this- for example, the unclear origins of the Dwemer and Falmer, and how both Bosmeri and Khajiiti myths agree they are kin (despite Altmer believing Bosmer to be Altmeri expats), yet the ancient histories of Topal the Pilot claiming that 'cat-demons' inhabited Tamriel before he 'discovered' it.
The Ayleids, too, are assumed to be of Altmeri extraction, but there is little to no historical evidence of this I can think of. The only elves for whom Altmeri extraction is corroborated are the ChimeDunmer and the Orsimer, although the time and place of the events that split them are themselves not agreed upon.
The biggest spanner in this work, however, is that Tamriel ISN'T the only place elves hail from- there exists the Left-handed (Sinistral) elves of Yokuda and the Maomar of Pyandonea (vice versa, Tamriel appears to have native humans in the Nedic peoples- however enough sources claim they are early settlers from Atmora that, for me, it is clear that they only returned to this land, though from where and how early may not be certain). The existance of elves from beyond the Beautiful shores of the Dawn complicates things. However, I have a theory- let us return to Topal.

Topal the Pilot

Topal the Pilot was an Altmer (dubbed Aldmer- but that is just semantics) navigator who hailed from the Summerset Isles in the Merethic era, and is famed for 'discoverin' Tamriel. The book Father of the Niben is an annotated account of his adventures, collected from scraps, named for the epithet he earnt for discovering the eponymous river basin, which in turn was named for his ship.
The book's author, to our benefit, is a healthily skeptical and intellectual human scholar who provides plenty of annotations. We can learn a couple things from here: First, Topal was almost certainly historical, for we have material evidence such as maps- not to say his narrative is not warped nor embellished. Secondarily, the source used for this book, the primary one for all things Topal, is a third-hand elven account, which is worth noting in terms of bias. Thirdly, another piece of physical evidence are the waystones found among shipwrecks contemporaneous to Topal, which match the routes the Altmer took- north-west, north-east, and south. Fourthly, the stated purpose of these expeditions was to find 'Old Ehlnofey'- that is, Aldmeris- again.
Hold up. Something pertinent may have caught your gaze here. For of those three directions, Topal went north-east, to Tamriel. But too do the other directions lead to known lands- as the book's own author notices. North-west and south lead to the aforementioned Yokuda and Pyandonea, respectively! The crux of my argument should be now clear to see.
That is to say, those two people's are the descendants of the other two Altmer explorers outlined in the book. A clearer origin could there not be.
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The Exiles

However, while we know but little of the Sinistral Mer, that is not true for the Maomer- according to them, they are the followers of great King Orgnum, an Aldmer (read: Altmer) noble who claimed true dynasty from the Old Ehlnofey, and struck a rebellion against his peers- and for this, he was exiled.
For this, I bring a new quibble: I don't think Topal was a mere explorer. Nor was he truly Altmer. He was Chimer- and a refugee.
See, not only are the Khajiit alluded to in this book, but the Orcs are dropped by name. On one hand, some have argued this is an insult- 'Orsimer' but means 'pariah' to the elves, and in some cases- such as Dumac Dwarf-Orc- it is likely it is used as a slur in such a way, rather than literally meaning the children of Malacath. However, it is here not so clear- the commentor notes the geography signifies this is in fact ancient High Rock described in this verse (hom of modern Orcs in Orsinium), and we know not of an elven people (Orismer, to remind, is a slur for mer, per the suffix) who could be described as having 'cannibal teeth'. These Orcs are apparently the Orcs we know and love. But as previously established, were not the Orcs children of Alinor, alonside the Chimer? Should not they have then reached Tamriel after the Altmer?
Consider then, this: For time immemorial, the Altmer's virute has been purity. Purity being the recreation of Aldmeris, and a return to divine form. The Summerset Isles are their pure ethnostate, and there they heed no despoilers. The book translates the goals of the 'explorers' as 'Old Ehlnofey Topal never found'. From translation, to incripstion from oral history, to bias and ideology, I think the original goal has been obscured- they were not to 'find' Aldmeris in a literal sense, but were being exiled to purify the populace of Alinor and Auridon so that they may focus on 'finding' themselves again.
Recall the four races who left Summerset, per this theory, again.

• Orsimer- Spurned exiles
• Chimer- Exiles
• Maomer- Exiles
• Sinistral Mer- We don't know. But I'm gonna bloody guess: Exiles.

The Orsimer are quite literally the pariah people. When the Chimer and the Orsimer split from the Altmer at the breaking of the Merethic era, the Orsimer- being seen as ugly, rough, disgusting, beasts- were turned away from the Summerset Isles outright. They found Tamriel and lived there. They either reached Dawn's Beauty through luck, or more likely, Malacath refused to let his chosen people be taken by the sea.
However the Chimer, I propose, were not exiled forthright. Golden-skinned, they were still kin to the Altmer, and so their punishment was less harsh. Like a parent who can't support their kid living at home no more, especially with all their late nights and mornings, the Altmer gave an ultimatum- you have a month to look for a new place, or else you are out.
I imagine the rebellion of Orghnum and whatever lead the Sinistral Mer astray happened at this same time, and all three were told to go. The Altmer did not want a genocide, nor any more war- they just wanted their wayward bretheren to leave, and let them worship the Aedra and reach divinity in peace.
Note that while only three (really two, but a first is inferred) ships are mentioned in the tale, it is implied in the commentory that dozens of vessels with those wayfinder coordinates have been discovered over the years. The voyages described are but scouting expeditions- followed by waves of migrants who settled the discovered lands. Topal, therefore, was a Chimer; Illio, also mentioned, was a Maomer; and the third unnamed pilot was a Sinistral Elf.
This also accounts for the temporal discrepancies in the Chimer narrative- it didn't happen all at once. The swallowing of Trinimac happened long before the Velothi exodus, because in-between, a place to exodus to had to be discovered by Topal. Historians collapse the story into occuring within one liftime, but in reality, the split between the Altmer and Chimer was not a clean-breakup, but a messy divorce.
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TL;DR

Topal the pilot was a Chimer refugee seeking new lands for his people, and the other two pilots that are described as going north-west and south were doing the same for who would become the Left-handed elves and Maomer respectively. The exoduses of these races from the Summerset Isles was a long and messy one, not a single acute event, which accounts for the many wrecks with waytones pointing towards their destinations, and the unclear dating of the Velothi exodus.

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(I posted this over on Game Theory as well, but... don't know how to Cross post!)
Since the topic of when Sister Location take’s place has come up and is being discussed, I thought I would throw my hat into the ring with my own theory on it. The more I think about it, the less and less it makes sense for SL to be before the first game. For me, the mystery is more about how close to FNAF 3 it takes place, and I think I can give some good evidence that would put Sister Location as a direct prequel to 3, taking place as a lead in to the events of 3. Hear me out.
Molten Freddy and the Missing Children
A good part of this theory is based on whether or not Molten Freddy has the original souls (Complete or incomplete) of the 1985 MCI kids inside of him and I think he does. This is alluded to in The Fourth Closet when William Afton melts down the original animatronics and injects them directly into Funtime Freddy. When he injects Carlton with them as well, he’s shown some of the missing children. Fritz, Cassidy, and Suzie. He even interacts with them, they appear to be in a sort of limbo. He convinces them that they shouldn’t be following the bunny man and when he wakes up, Funtime Freddy and Mangle are attacking William, having turned on him suddenly. So thanks to the book, we know that Funtime Freddy also has at least some of the children inside of him. Which brings up the first interesting point.
We are shown that the souls, or part of the souls, of whomever is “trapped” in it can be in multiple places at the same time. In the book we see it’s in F. Freddy, as well as Carlton and probably still more inside the remaining remnant that William was saving for himself. Not only that, it shows that the soul part of one can affect the other. The animatronics turning on William as a result of Carlton talking with them after being injected is proof of that.
We can also see some evidence of this in the games. The Toy animatronics start acting up before Someone messes with them, and before someone uses the suit in the back. We know that parts were salvaged from the original animatronics to make the new ones. During the later nights in the games it’s shown that not only are the toy animatronics acting funny, the withered animatronics in the back are as well. A.k.a. The original animatronics who have the souls of the children in them. This shows that a soul, or in this case, a part of a soul, can inhabit more than one animatronic at the same time and both be possessed. We also get further evidence of this in the Fazbear Frights books, with multiple pieces of William's agony infecting multiple different objects in a Fazbear Warehouse, creating what eventually becomes the Afton Amalgamation.
Now, for the sister location’s time frame things start to get confusing, so let’s start with some things that we do know.
Dates we know

1. The first Freddy Fazbear’s Pizza was established in 1983 (Learned from the coins in Help Wanted)
2. The second Freddy’s (Toy Location) opened after 1985, since they had to beef up security as a direct results of the MCI
3. The Toy Location closed in 1987 because of the bite
4. Third Location opened sometime after that, and closed, in 1993
5. Fazbear Frights opens in, and is burned down, 30 years later in 2023

William’s Path of destruction

1. Murders at least 5 kids in the original location in 1985.
2. Murders unknown number of kids in the Toy location (Alluded to by Phone guy, someone using the yellow suit)
3. Disappears until after the FNAF 1 location closes, where he goes back and destroys the animatronics one by one, lured to him by Shadow Freddy (Still not sure how that works, but goin’ with it)
4. ???? (More on this below)
5. Get’s himself springlocked, being chased by the ghosts of his past and is locked away in the back room for 30 years
6. Phone Dude finds him, places him in Fazbear Frights in 2023 (We found one, a real one!)

There is a small piece of this puzzle that has never made much sense to me though... He destroys the animatronics, most likely to gather their Remnant and use it for his experiments as we see him directly doing in the books. That makes sense (In a FNAF way it makes sense anyway). I also don’t think that this all took place in a single night. He came back night after night, destroying one animatronic after another and taking their remnant, As Henry alludes to in his speech, he took the one thing the children had from them, again. Taking their soul for his own purposes. He took the gift that was given to them by the puppet for himself. I also believe that this happened after the location closed, as it would have been extremely strange to open up in the morning and suddenly animatronics are just… missing and then… continue operations as normal.
He melts the parts he had collected down, extracts the remnant and injects it into Funtime Freddy as part of an experiment (As well as probably all the other Funtime Animatronics not named Baby) But, he saves a little bit for himself. I think he injects himself with it as well in an attempt to become immortal, as he seems to want to do in the book.
After his experiment he goes back to the pizzeria. Now that he’s injected himself, he can see the ghosts of the children. They have more of an influence over him than they ever could before. They chase him down, he gets in the Bunny Suit (Possibly to scare them away? Not sure how that was going to work) and promptly dies due to things on the outside insisting on being on his inside. Only his body dies though, but like we see with Michael later, he isn’t dead thanks to the remnant he injected himself with. There, he’s trapped for thirty years until unleashed upon the world in FNAF 3.
So this is the part that’s bugged me. Why did he go back? He had all four animatronics, why did he need to go back to the pizzeria? Was it to burn the place down to destroy the remaining evidence? Did he want to find Michael? Make sure he didn’t miss anything? I can’t figure it out. This also brings up a bit of an issue with the entire concept of all five children being inside of Molten Freddy… Where is Golden Freddy? We don’t see William destroying him. Put a pin in that, I’ll get to it later as it ties to Michael.
Sister Location and Michael Afton
So, how and when does Michael, and Sister Location, come into all of this? I do think that we play as Michael in every FNAF game, until UCN. I just don’t think he’s a walking corpse until just before the third game. Yes, I know that he was fired for odor but I have a possible explanation for that. That's way more down to earth than “Literal walking corpse.” So let me try and break this down!
Michael, torn apart by guilt on a nightly basis, probably isn’t living his best life. Depression, Anxiety… they do things to ya. Constantly plagued by Nightmares whenever he tries to sleep he’s not getting the rest he needs nor is he taking care of himself. When he learns what his father is doing, it gives him purpose, he has to undo the damage his father has done. Going to as many locations as he can to attempt to free the children, while staying under cover as much as possible so as not to draw the attention of his father.
Once the guard in FNAF 2 is moved to the Day shift, Michael is hired to take his place but is fired the day after that due to “Tampering with the Animatronics, and Odor.” Now I think he was fired primarily because of the former, the latter is not really a reason to get fired. I think it’s really just as simple as he’s not taking care of himself in his personal life. If he’s not getting enough sleep thanks to nightmares he’s probably starting to have psychotic episodes, preventing him from making normal every day decisions, like showering. He’s also around what… 23, 34 at this point? He may honestly even be homeless, unable to shower even if he wanted to. Whatever the case may be, It’s not because he’s dead. Yet.
When the FNAF 1 location opens, he’s surprised by this and applies there once more to see what’s going on. Under a different pseudonym this time. He gets the job and sees immediately that things are just like they were at the last location. He tries to free the animatronics but is unsuccessful as dear old dad is the one that actually takes them out once the location closes after he’s fired for tampering with them, again. This also explains how, if you are caught by the animatronics and stuffed in a suit in Fnaf 1, you die. There is no Remnant to keep you alive.
As an added point, if FNAF 4 takes place during the nights of FNAF 1, and are Michael's Nightmares as he's trying to sleep between shifts, this brings up a couple of strange points. If he is dead, he wouldn't need to sleep, so why would he be having nightmares? They could be hallucinations, but even that doesn't make much sense because of the fact that you are surviving until morning. He would be at the Pizzeria until morning, and home to sleep during the day. I think he's still alive, and his nightmares are what we see in 4, recreating what he's going through during the night shift.
After his firing, one night, a message finds him. It’s from his dad. A message telling him where to go and find his sister. This was William’s contingency plan. In the event of his demise, or capture, he would need someone to set Baby free so that she could find him and save him. Who better than the one person who would be eager to try and put a stop to it all? Michael in his guilt addled mind would want to do anything to help his sister, right?
Michael goes to their old house, something that William made sure was still paid for and not torn down, and finds the location under the house where William told him to go999999999999999999999999999++++ and Sister Location begins. Wackiness ensues, he’s scooped yadda yadda yadda. We now have Ennard in the sewers and a walking talking corpse known as Michael Afton. We get to hear his voice for the first time in the true ending of the game.
“Father, it’s me, Michael. I found them… they were all there. They didn’t recognize me at first, but then… they thought I was you. And I found her! I put her back together, just like you asked me to… she’s free now. But something is wrong with me, I should be dead but I’m not… I’ve been living in the shadows. There is only one thing left for me to do now. I’m going to come find you…”
We then see a sign outside of a building that has “Fazbear Frights” on it, as well as a brief appearance from Springtrap himself. This would lead directly into FNAF 3 where we have the first of two (possibly three if we count Security breach?), showdowns between Michael (Now a corpse infused with Remnant) and his dad (Also a corpse infused with Remnant inside of an animatronic rabbit suit)
To me this answers a good amount of the issues that come up if SL is before FNAF 2.

1. It seems extremely unlikely that in 1987 or even 93 that someone would hire a security guard without interviewing them first and we didn’t exactly use Skype or Zoom calls back then. They would have noticed something obviously wrong with Michael in person. It makes sense that he’s not dead, yet, in order to get hired.
2. You can get away with it in FNAF 3 and 6 as they take place in the present day. Now, I know that FNAF 3 was released in 2015, but even in 2015, we were doing interviews over phones or zoom etc… Hell I was hired by a company via a few skype interviews in 2016 so absolutely possible. Plus even if they did see him the people running Fazbear Frights probably saw it as a bonus that he looks so ghoulish.
3. Because we see springtrap directly in the ending, it makes no sense at all to me for this to be before 1, springtrap didn’t exist yet. He wouldn’t be a thing until 2023 when he’s unleashed. So it only makes sense for SL to be not just after Fnaf 1, but many decades after it. Putting it just before FNAF 3, and acting as a natural lead into the third game.

Now... There are a few (ok many) lingering Questions
The Golden Freddy Question
So this does bring up one of the things I couldn't figure out for a while, but… may be hinted at by Michael himself. If all five kids are supposed to be in Molten Freddy… How is that possible? We see William destroying only 4 of the animatronics. He never got Golden Freddy. Well... I think he already had him. We get a clue to this in Michael’s Monolog “I found them… They were all there.” I think Golden Freddy, or in this case its original version, Golden Fredbear, was already in William’s possession and he extracted what he needed from it already. All he needed was the other four. As of FNAF 3, I don’t think Golden Freddy exists in a physical form anymore. Just a spirit, haunting William. That’s how it’s able to always be around, able to stop him from dying in 6 and able to trap him in a purgatory. The Golden Freddy endoskeleton has already been melted down by Wiliam. He just didn’t realize that by injecting himself with the remnant, he was subjecting himself to Cassidy’s wrath.
Now, if William already had Golden Freddy, how did Michael see him? I think that thanks to his lack of sleep, delusional mind, etc… Any time he sees Golden Freddy it’s him seeing a projection of his brother. A possible manifestation of his guilt, or, his brother reaching out to him from a far off location but only able to get through in rare instances. We never actually see Golden Freddy move, he just… is there, and in different forms over the years. We know that the Golden Freddy suit at one point was an actual suit, shown in multiple different places through the books and in the games so it does exist, or did exist, somewhere. But isn’t it odd that with the exception of William… no one else sees Golden Freddy ever again? We don’t see him in 6, or Security Breach. There is a small reference to him in the VR game, but we still don’t see Golden Freddy himself make any appearance. Only Michael and William ever seem to see him through the series, and in different forms.
Heck, in the Fazbear Frights story "The New Kid" We are directly shown that Golden Freddy can manifest a projection of a child that everyone can see, allowing him to lure people back to the suit, which is a physical suit. He's apparently already done it at least once before, and seems to be doing it again at the end of the story.
Happiest Day, or is it?
This also brings up the issue with Happiest Day, where the souls of the children were freed in one of FNAF 3’s endings. It’s quite possible that this is not the canonical ending. That, since part of the souls are in William, part are in Michael, and part are in Molten Freddy, they don’t actually get their happiest day until Henry enacts “Operation burn it all down”.
Even that isn’t successful as Cassidy keeps William alive. Michael is gone, Molten Freddy is gone, but parts of the souls of those kids live on in William. Cassidy forces them to hunt William down in an endless series of nightmares in UCN. This is possible due to the fact that because he injected himself with the remnant, they live rent free in his body with him while also keeping him alive, as we see in the Fazbear Frights story, the man in room 1280, a spirit can haunt a body directly.
“He tried to release you… he tried to release us but I won't let that happen. I will hold you here, I will keep you here. No matter how many times they burn us…”
There is a chance that part of their souls were released in Fnaf 3. The parts that haunted the original animatronics. All that remains are the parts in MF, William and Michael.
The Survival Logbook
This is one thing that seems to contradict pretty much everything I've typed here! In the book, Michael specifically references Sister Location multiple times. The Exotic Butters Basket, Casual Bongos, etc... so that means that when he was filling out this particular book, it had to be after SL. We also see in the book multiple spirits, Cassidy and the Crying child having a slight conversation. So how is this possible?
Well, one simple thing about the book is... we don't know when it was made either. For all we know, this was a book that made in Fnaf 6, and Michael is filling it out as part of his ownership responsibilities at Freddy's Pizza Place.
In Conclusion
So that... in a long winded nutshell, is why I think Sister Location takes place as a lead in to Fnaf 3, and the start of the final showdown of the Afton Family. As with all theories, it’s not perfect, there are always going to be plot holes. But for me it solves a lot of little issues I have with SL being before FNAF
I do believe William had created the animatronics before 1987, obviously since his child was murdered by one before he himself was springlocked, they had to be created before that. They just didn’t get their Remnant Infusion until after he destroyed the animatronics later, in 1993.
Hope at least some of this makes sense! I know I ramble a lot. Just had to get it out of my head and out into the world.
Have a Faztastic day Superstars.

Tez2, a reputable Rockstar insider has suggested on the GTA Forums that GTA 6 is likely to be released this year with a tentative release date of 2024.
According to my own reports which date back to June 2021, this seems to be the case. My sources have said that Grand Theft Auto 6 has been aiming for a 2024 release date for some time, but speculation and past reveal/release schedules of the likes of GTA 5 and Red Dead Redemption 2 suggest the game will be delayed until 2025.
If I were to guess – I believe the game would release in the holiday of 2025 instead of the spring.
As for when the announcement is made is unclear, but typically Rockstar Games likes to announce its big reveals on its own. So to set expectations, I wouldn’t necessarily expect the game to be announced at E3. Instead, I expect some form of reveal trailer in Q4 2023 to coincide with past reveals.
According to my own sources, one of the major reasons for such a long-winded “delay” is that GTA 6 will release on current-generation consoles only. With the tentative 2024 date being planned as far back as 2021, it was a means of ensuring that GTA 6 would have a sufficient console market to release on.
In late 2022, Rockstar Games had a security breach that resulted in over 70 videos on GTA 6 gameplay surfacing online. In its subsequent earnings call, Take-Two Interactive addressed investors to state that the leak was unfortunate, but they believe it had no impact on development.
“There’s no evidence that any material assets were taken, which is a good thing, and certainly the leak won’t have any influence on development or anything of the sort, but it is terribly disappointing and causes us to be ever more vigilant on matters relating to cybersecurity”, it was said.
As for GTA 6, for now, we’ll need to continue sitting tight and see what gets announced in the hopefully near future.
When do you think GTA 6 will be announced?
For more from Insider Gaming, check out details on THE FINALS BETA that starts today.
Related

Up for sale today I have my Exocet Bounty Hunter. Love this knife and it goes well with my Boba Fett collection. Just need funds for another expense at the moment. Never cut or carried. I’m the first owner. Date is 03/2021.
SV: 260 F&F 270 G&S
Timestamp: https://imgur.com/a/fE7JO9I

Since the topic of when Sister Location take’s place has come up and is being discussed, I thought I would throw my hat into the ring with my own theory on it. The more I think about it, the less and less it makes sense for SL to be before the first game. For me, the mystery is more about how close to FNAF 3 it takes place, and I think I can give some good evidence that would put Sister Location as a direct prequel to 3, taking place as a lead in to the events of 3. Hear me out.
Molten Freddy and the Missing Children
A good part of this theory is based on whether or not Molten Freddy has the original souls (Complete or incomplete) of the 1985 MCI kids inside of him and I think he does. This is alluded to in The Fourth Closet when William Afton melts down the original animatronics and injects them directly into Funtime Freddy. When he injects Carlton with them as well, he’s shown some of the missing children. Fritz, Cassidy, and Suzie. He even interacts with them, they appear to be in a sort of limbo. He convinces them that they shouldn’t be following the bunny man and when he wakes up, Funtime Freddy and Mangle are attacking William, having turned on him suddenly. So thanks to the book, we know that Funtime Freddy also has at least some of the children inside of him. Which brings up the first interesting point.
We are shown that the souls, or part of the souls, of whomever is “trapped” in it can be in multiple places at the same time. In the book we see it’s in F. Freddy, as well as Carlton and probably still more inside the remaining remnant that William was saving for himself. Not only that, it shows that the soul part of one can affect the other. The animatronics turning on William as a result of Carlton talking with them after being injected is proof of that.
We can also see some evidence of this in the games. The Toy animatronics start acting up before Someone messes with them, and before someone uses the suit in the back. We know that parts were salvaged from the original animatronics to make the new ones. During the later nights in the games it’s shown that not only are the toy animatronics acting funny, the withered animatronics in the back are as well. A.k.a. The original animatronics who have the souls of the children in them. This shows that a soul, or in this case, a part of a soul, can inhabit more than one animatronic at the same time and both be possessed. We also get further evidence of this in the Fazbear Frights books, with multiple pieces of William's agony infecting multiple different objects in a Fazbear Warehouse, creating what eventually becomes the Afton Amalgamation.
Now, for the sister location’s time frame things start to get confusing, so let’s start with some things that we do know.
Dates we know

1. The first Freddy Fazbear’s Pizza was established in 1983 (Learned from the coins in Help Wanted)
2. The second Freddy’s (Toy Location) opened after 1985, since they had to beef up security as a direct results of the MCI
3. The Toy Location closed in 1987 because of the bite
4. Third Location opened sometime after that, and closed, in 1993
5. Fazbear Frights opens in, and is burned down, 30 years later in 2023

William’s Path of destruction

1. Murders at least 5 kids in the original location in 1985.
2. Murders unknown number of kids in the Toy location (Alluded to by Phone guy, someone using the yellow suit)
3. Disappears until after the FNAF 1 location closes, where he goes back and destroys the animatronics one by one, lured to him by Shadow Freddy (Still not sure how that works, but goin’ with it)
4. ???? (More on this below)
5. Get’s himself springlocked, being chased by the ghosts of his past and is locked away in the back room for 30 years
6. Phone Dude finds him, places him in Fazbear Frights in 2023 (We found one, a real one!)

There is a small piece of this puzzle that has never made much sense to me though... He destroys the animatronics, most likely to gather their Remnant and use it for his experiments as we see him directly doing in the books. That makes sense (In a FNAF way it makes sense anyway). I also don’t think that this all took place in a single night. He came back night after night, destroying one animatronic after another and taking their remnant, As Henry alludes to in his speech, he took the one thing the children had from them, again. Taking their soul for his own purposes. He took the gift that was given to them by the puppet for himself. I also believe that this happened after the location closed, as it would have been extremely strange to open up in the morning and suddenly animatronics are just… missing and then… continue operations as normal.
He melts the parts he had collected down, extracts the remnant and injects it into Funtime Freddy as part of an experiment (As well as probably all the other Funtime Animatronics not named Baby) But, he saves a little bit for himself. I think he injects himself with it as well in an attempt to become immortal, as he seems to want to do in the book.
After his experiment he goes back to the pizzeria. Now that he’s injected himself, he can see the ghosts of the children. They have more of an influence over him than they ever could before. They chase him down, he gets in the Bunny Suit (Possibly to scare them away? Not sure how that was going to work) and promptly dies due to things on the outside insisting on being on his inside. Only his body dies though, but like we see with Michael later, he isn’t dead thanks to the remnant he injected himself with. There, he’s trapped for thirty years until unleashed upon the world in FNAF 3.
So this is the part that’s bugged me. Why did he go back? He had all four animatronics, why did he need to go back to the pizzeria? Was it to burn the place down to destroy the remaining evidence? Did he want to find Michael? Make sure he didn’t miss anything? I can’t figure it out. This also brings up a bit of an issue with the entire concept of all five children being inside of Molten Freddy… Where is Golden Freddy? We don’t see William destroying him. Put a pin in that, I’ll get to it later as it ties to Michael.
Sister Location and Michael Afton
So, how and when does Michael, and Sister Location, come into all of this? I do think that we play as Michael in every FNAF game, until UCN. I just don’t think he’s a walking corpse until just before the third game. Yes, I know that he was fired for odor but I have a possible explanation for that. That's way more down to earth than “Literal walking corpse.” So let me try and break this down!
Michael, torn apart by guilt on a nightly basis, probably isn’t living his best life. Depression, Anxiety… they do things to ya. Constantly plagued by Nightmares whenever he tries to sleep he’s not getting the rest he needs nor is he taking care of himself. When he learns what his father is doing, it gives him purpose, he has to undo the damage his father has done. Going to as many locations as he can to attempt to free the children, while staying under cover as much as possible so as not to draw the attention of his father.
Once the guard in FNAF 2 is moved to the Day shift, Michael is hired to take his place but is fired the day after that due to “Tampering with the Animatronics, and Odor.” Now I think he was fired primarily because of the former, the latter is not really a reason to get fired. I think it’s really just as simple as he’s not taking care of himself in his personal life. If he’s not getting enough sleep thanks to nightmares he’s probably starting to have psychotic episodes, preventing him from making normal every day decisions, like showering. He’s also around what… 23, 34 at this point? He may honestly even be homeless, unable to shower even if he wanted to. Whatever the case may be, It’s not because he’s dead. Yet.
When the FNAF 1 location opens, he’s surprised by this and applies there once more to see what’s going on. Under a different pseudonym this time. He gets the job and sees immediately that things are just like they were at the last location. He tries to free the animatronics but is unsuccessful as dear old dad is the one that actually takes them out once the location closes after he’s fired for tampering with them, again. This also explains how, if you are caught by the animatronics and stuffed in a suit in Fnaf 1, you die. There is no Remnant to keep you alive.
As an added point, if FNAF 4 takes place during the nights of FNAF 1, and are Michael's Nightmares as he's trying to sleep between shifts, this brings up a couple of strange points. If he is dead, he wouldn't need to sleep, so why would he be having nightmares? They could be hallucinations, but even that doesn't make much sense because of the fact that you are surviving until morning. He would be at the Pizzeria until morning, and home to sleep during the day. I think he's still alive, and his nightmares are what we see in 4, recreating what he's going through during the night shift.
After his firing, one night, a message finds him. It’s from his dad. A message telling him where to go and find his sister. This was William’s contingency plan. In the event of his demise, or capture, he would need someone to set Baby free so that she could find him and save him. Who better than the one person who would be eager to try and put a stop to it all? Michael in his guilt addled mind would want to do anything to help his sister, right?
Michael goes to their old house, something that William made sure was still paid for and not torn down, and finds the location under the house where William told him to go999999999999999999999999999++++ and Sister Location begins. Wackiness ensues, he’s scooped yadda yadda yadda. We now have Ennard in the sewers and a walking talking corpse known as Michael Afton. We get to hear his voice for the first time in the true ending of the game.
“Father, it’s me, Michael. I found them… they were all there. They didn’t recognize me at first, but then… they thought I was you. And I found her! I put her back together, just like you asked me to… she’s free now. But something is wrong with me, I should be dead but I’m not… I’ve been living in the shadows. There is only one thing left for me to do now. I’m going to come find you…”
We then see a sign outside of a building that has “Fazbear Frights” on it, as well as a brief appearance from Springtrap himself. This would lead directly into FNAF 3 where we have the first of two (possibly three if we count Security breach?), showdowns between Michael (Now a corpse infused with Remnant) and his dad (Also a corpse infused with Remnant inside of an animatronic rabbit suit)
To me this answers a good amount of the issues that come up if SL is before FNAF 2.

1. It seems extremely unlikely that in 1987 or even 93 that someone would hire a security guard without interviewing them first and we didn’t exactly use Skype or Zoom calls back then. They would have noticed something obviously wrong with Michael in person. It makes sense that he’s not dead, yet, in order to get hired.
2. You can get away with it in FNAF 3 and 6 as they take place in the present day. Now, I know that FNAF 3 was released in 2015, but even in 2015, we were doing interviews over phones or zoom etc… Hell I was hired by a company via a few skype interviews in 2016 so absolutely possible. Plus even if they did see him the people running Fazbear Frights probably saw it as a bonus that he looks so ghoulish.
3. Because we see springtrap directly in the ending, it makes no sense at all to me for this to be before 1, springtrap didn’t exist yet. He wouldn’t be a thing until 2023 when he’s unleashed. So it only makes sense for SL to be not just after Fnaf 1, but many decades after it. Putting it just before FNAF 3, and acting as a natural lead into the third game.

Now... There are a few (ok many) lingering Questions
The Golden Freddy Question
So this does bring up one of the things I couldn't figure out for a while, but… may be hinted at by Michael himself. If all five kids are supposed to be in Molten Freddy… How is that possible? We see William destroying only 4 of the animatronics. He never got Golden Freddy. Well... I think he already had him. We get a clue to this in Michael’s Monolog “I found them… They were all there.” I think Golden Freddy, or in this case its original version, Golden Fredbear, was already in William’s possession and he extracted what he needed from it already. All he needed was the other four. As of FNAF 3, I don’t think Golden Freddy exists in a physical form anymore. Just a spirit, haunting William. That’s how it’s able to always be around, able to stop him from dying in 6 and able to trap him in a purgatory. The Golden Freddy endoskeleton has already been melted down by Wiliam. He just didn’t realize that by injecting himself with the remnant, he was subjecting himself to Cassidy’s wrath.
Now, if William already had Golden Freddy, how did Michael see him? I think that thanks to his lack of sleep, delusional mind, etc… Any time he sees Golden Freddy it’s him seeing a projection of his brother. A possible manifestation of his guilt, or, his brother reaching out to him from a far off location but only able to get through in rare instances. We never actually see Golden Freddy move, he just… is there, and in different forms over the years. We know that the Golden Freddy suit at one point was an actual suit, shown in multiple different places through the books and in the games so it does exist, or did exist, somewhere. But isn’t it odd that with the exception of William… no one else sees Golden Freddy ever again? We don’t see him in 6, or Security Breach. There is a small reference to him in the VR game, but we still don’t see Golden Freddy himself make any appearance. Only Michael and William ever seem to see him through the series, and in different forms.
Heck, in the Fazbear Frights story "The New Kid" We are directly shown that Golden Freddy can manifest a projection of a child that everyone can see, allowing him to lure people back to the suit, which is a physical suit. He's apparently already done it at least once before, and seems to be doing it again at the end of the story.
Happiest Day, or is it?
This also brings up the issue with Happiest Day, where the souls of the children were freed in one of FNAF 3’s endings. It’s quite possible that this is not the canonical ending. That, since part of the souls are in William, part are in Michael, and part are in Molten Freddy, they don’t actually get their happiest day until Henry enacts “Operation burn it all down”.
Even that isn’t successful as Cassidy keeps William alive. Michael is gone, Molten Freddy is gone, but parts of the souls of those kids live on in William. Cassidy forces them to hunt William down in an endless series of nightmares in UCN. This is possible due to the fact that because he injected himself with the remnant, they live rent free in his body with him while also keeping him alive, as we see in the Fazbear Frights story, the man in room 1280, a spirit can haunt a body directly.
“He tried to release you… he tried to release us but I won't let that happen. I will hold you here, I will keep you here. No matter how many times they burn us…”
There is a chance that part of their souls were released in Fnaf 3. The parts that haunted the original animatronics. All that remains are the parts in MF, William and Michael.
The Survival Logbook
This is one thing that seems to contradict pretty much everything I've typed here! In the book, Michael specifically references Sister Location multiple times. The Exotic Butters Basket, Casual Bongos, etc... so that means that when he was filling out this particular book, it had to be after SL. We also see in the book multiple spirits, Cassidy and the Crying child having a slight conversation. So how is this possible?
Well, one simple thing about the book is... we don't know when it was made either. For all we know, this was a book that made in Fnaf 6, and Michael is filling it out as part of his ownership responsibilities at Freddy's Pizza Place.
In Conclusion
So that... in a long winded nutshell, is why I think Sister Location takes place as a lead in to Fnaf 3, and the start of the final showdown of the Afton Family. As with all theories, it’s not perfect, there are always going to be plot holes. But for me it solves a lot of little issues I have with SL being before FNAF
I do believe William had created the animatronics before 1987, obviously since his child was murdered by one before he himself was springlocked, they had to be created before that. They just didn’t get their Remnant Infusion until after he destroyed the animatronics later, in 1993.
Hope at least some of this makes sense! I know I ramble a lot. Just had to get it out of my head and out into the world.
Have a Faztastic day Superstars.

North American Military Drone Market's Dominant Export Of Military UAVs Worldwide Is Booming
Published: March 30, 2023 at 8:50 a.m. ET
PALM BEACH, Fla., March 30, 2023 (PR Newswire Europe via COMTEX) -- FinancialNewsMedia.com News Commentary
PALM BEACH, Fla., March 30, 2023 /PRNewswire/ -- The Military UAV Drone market just keeps expanding with seemingly no end in sight! The growing use of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) in the defense and security industry for several applications such as surveying, mapping, transportation, combat operations, and monitoring will fuel the demand for military UAVs in the coming years. The rise in defense expenditure of various countries to procure modernized & technologically advanced military drones/UAVs for intensified combat capability is expected to support market growth across the globe. The adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI) is modernizing military drone technologies by picking targets autonomously with precision. A report from Fortune Business Insights projects that the global military drone market size was valued at USD 10.25 billion in 2021 and is projected to grow from USD 11.73 billion in 2022 to USD 30.86 billion by 2029, exhibiting a CAGR of 14.82% during the forecast period. The report said: "Drone technology has witnessed strong growth in the past years due to continuous research & development and innovation enhancing the capabilities. The numerous drones are incorporated with modern sensors, LiDAR, GNSS, high-tech cameras, and thermal, and infrared imaging systems. The most advanced drones are equipped with multiple sensor systems such as communication intelligence sensors, and air-to-air missiles, and a global system for mobile communication (GSM). Active companies in the markets this week include: EHang Holdings Limited (NASDAQ: EH), Epazz, Inc. (OTCPK: EPAZ), Kratos Defense & Security Solutions, Inc. (NASDAQ: KTOS), Mobilicom Limited(NASDAQ: MOB), Raytheon Technologies (NYSE: RTX).
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Fortune Business Insights continued: "Nowadays, the most advanced unmanned aerial vehicles can carry several payloads attached to large sensors and internal weapons bay. Artificial intelligence (AI) is being adopted commercially for autonomous flight systems for high-altitude military UAVs. This is expected to predict well for the global military drone market growth in the forthcoming years. The weapon payload includes missile and guided bomb units. The air force, navy, army, and other security agencies have been using unmanned aerial vehicles for applications such as transportation and logistics for the past few years. The increase in demand for logistics and transportation is projected to fuel the market growth in the coming years."
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Epazz, Inc. (OTCPK: EPAZ) BREAKING NEWS: Epazz Holdings: ZenaDrone, Inc. 1000 AI Predictive Received a Letter of Support from the US Air Force for Drone Cargo Delivery and Intent to Use ZenaDrone 1000 Platform- Epazz Inc., a mission-critical provider of drone technology, blockchain mobile apps and cloud-based business software solutions, announced this week that ZenaDrone, Inc. received a letter of support from U.S. Air Force to use ZenaDrone 1000 for drone cargo delivery, which includes blood transport. ZenaDrone is invited to work with the U.S. Air Force at an overseas base to test the ZenaDrone 1000 platform under battlefield conditions. ZenaDrone will be assigned a team from the base to conduct the test.
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Over the past couple of months, ZenaDrone 1000 has been presented and showcased in front of the U.S. military. The company has been getting traction from the U.S. Air Force and U.S. Army. This test will be the first time ZenaDrone will be actively used in a military environment. Additionally, the test allows ZenaDrone to move to Technology Readiness Level 7 (TRL). Technology readiness levels (TRLs) are methods for estimating the maturity of technologies during the acquisition phase of a program. TLR's are measured on a scale of 1 to 9 with 9 being the most mature technology.
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ZenaDrone is now qualified to submit a Phase II SBIR grant for external funding of this cargo delivery solution. Phase II SBIR grants are generally up to $1.2 million for a two-year period and a nondilutive source of funding. This will be the second direct to Phase II project for ZenaDrone 1000.
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CEO Shaun Passley, Ph.D., said, "We are excited to see ZenaDrone 1000 the subject of so much attention in multiple military branches. The Air Force clearly sees value in this platform and is pushing the envelope of new testing to find out the extent of its capabilities. We are anxious to receive critical feedback from the Air Force as we transition to mass production operations. We are currently in the process of evaluating a number of suitable sites while balancing the potential commercial uses. We also hope shareholders see how we are trying to move the technology forward through the use of nondilutive funding sources." CONTINUEDaEUR Read these full press releases and more news for Epazz at: https://www.epazz.com/press-room/
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Other recent developments in the markets of note include
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EHang Holdings Limited (NASDAQ: EH), the world's leading autonomous aerial vehicle ("AAV") technology platform company, recently announced that its EH216 passenger-grade AAV has completed its first passenger-carrying autonomous flight demonstration within Japan, which also marks the first passenger-carrying flight for an autonomous eVTOL aircraft in Japan. Today, the EH216 flew with two passengers and no pilot onboard for a trip along the stunningly beautiful coastline of Tanoura Beach in Oita city, under the approval of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism ("MLIT") of Japan.
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Sato Kiichiro, Mayor of Oita, Oita Prefecture, Japan, attended the event and delivered a speech saying, "Last July, EH216 completed its Japan's first point-to-point trial flight in Oita, receiving overwhelming responses. Today, EH216 takes on the challenge of passenger-carrying flight here, and I am very pleased to witness this moment. I hope that today's passenger-carrying flight test will accelerate autonomous aerial vehicles to take a further step toward practical use cases, so that this industry full of opportunities could be in full swing."
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Kratos Defense & Security Solutions, Inc. (NASDAQ: KTOS), a Technology Company in the Defense, National Security and Global Markets and industry-leading provider of high-performance, jet-powered unmanned aerial systems, recently announced that it is further increasing its UK-based capability by the addition of key, seasoned engineering and programme/project management personnel highly experienced in jet UAS / Drone systems.
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Stacey Rock, President of the Kratos Turbine Technology Division, said, "This strategic and tactical decision and action we have taken helps position Kratos to be a part of key uncrewed aircraft system programs here in the UK and abroad. We're excited about this expansion and strengthening of our technical and programme team in this rapidly growing global defence focus arena. Joining us and supplementing the team are two experienced defence personnel who, between them, have 50+ years of successful complex programme delivery experience within the uncrewed systems arena and an unrivalled understanding of the development and delivery of uncrewed aerial systems."
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Mobilicom Limited(NASDAQ: MOB), a provider of cybersecurity and robust solutions for drones and robotics, recently announced that it has been selected to represent the uncrewed autonomous systems (UAS) industry at the Association for Uncrewed Vehicle Systems International's(AUVSI) Hill Dayin Washington DC on March 22, 2023. Mobilicom is a member of the AUVSICybersecurity Working Group.
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Engaging in face-to-face meetings with policymakers, Mobilicom will present the critical importance of cybersecurity for the drone industry's evolution and for the safety of UAS users including in military and civilian use cases. The aim of these meetings is to support laws and regulations that allow and encourage the deployment of uncrewed and autonomous systems to better serve business, society, and defense.
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Raytheon Technologies (NYSE: RTX)recently delivered all 23 contracted Joint Precision Approach and Landing Systems low-rate production units to the U.S. Navy on time or ahead of schedule.
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JPALS is a software-based GPS navigation and precision approach landing system that guides aircraft onto carriers and amphibious assault ships regardless of sea state or weather conditions, bolstering safety and operational capability. It is integrated on the F-35 and was recently sold to the Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force.
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"This is a significant milestone for the JPALS team and highlights the incredible efforts of hundreds of our teammates over the past decade who developed and now have fully delivered these critical systems that our Warfighters and International Partners need," said Capt.Kevin Watkins, program manager for Naval Air Traffic Management Systems (PMA-213) at the Naval Air Systems Command. "This team overcame many barriers over the past several years, successfully achieving the required outcome to deliver all of the capabilities needed, on time and affordably."
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"…cars and trucks in which human drivers are never required to take control to safely operate the vehicle. Also known as autonomous or ‘driverless’ cars, they combine sensors and software to control, navigate, and drive the vehicle."
—Union of Concern Scientists, USA (USCUSA)
Is this what the future of trucking looks like?
For a few years, electric trucks were mainly being worked on by startup companies, while the large tech companies were mostly silent on the issue. This all changed around 2017. Tesla unveiled its all-electric autonomous truck in 2017 and the early customers of this product are Walmart, UPS and PepsiCo. Then, Daimler unveiled the electric siblings of their most popular trucks, Cascadia and M2 as eCascadia and eM2 in 2018. At the ACT Expo in 2018, Roger Nielson, the CEO of Daimler Trucks, said that the time has come to contemplate the post-internal combustion engine. The production of Daimler electric trucks will begin in 2021. In April 2019, the Nikola Motor Company, a tech startup unveiled its semi-truck powered by hydrogen fuel cells. Anheuser Busch, a beer making company has planned to buy 800 units of Nikola’s hydrogen fuel powered semi-truck.
Uber has also acquired a startup company, Otto which is working on autonomous trucks. In October, 2018 Otto completed the first shipment in the world from a self-driven truck. The cargo hauled by it contained 51,744 cans of Budweiser.
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Any technological advancement requires large investments. According to a report from CB Insights, $2 billion has been invested in startup trucking companies as of 21st May, 2019. The investments in tech startups jumped a huge leap from $114 million in 2014 to $3.6 billion in 2018. The growing interest in the future of trucking has increased the scale of investments. The costs of electric trucks are quite higher than that of a diesel truck. Nielson went on to say that the business scenario at present will not allow a sane fleet operator to buy an electric truck. The industry needs to find ways to carry on research and make batteries that are half the current size and price. Also, it must double the energy density. In the meantime, partnerships and grants can make production of electric trucks possible.
The 6 major technologies that may impact the future of trucking are:
Electric Trucks
Autonomous Vehicles
Platooning
Shipper Platforms
Blockchain Trucking
Artificial Intelligence

Electric Trucks - Future

The depletion of the conventional sources of energy have made researchers seek alternative sources to power vehicles. Additionally, vehicles need to be designed and structured in such a way that is compatible with alternative sources of energy. Thus, conservation of nature has been a driving concern behind a lof of the recent innovations.
Since trucks were first used in the late nineteenth century, they have come a long way. The future seems quite exciting as truck manufacturing companies are aiming to build electronic and autonomous trucks. Trucking had altered the way America did business and a lot is set to change in the coming years as well. With Tesla, Volvo, Daimler and other truck giants about to launch electric trucks in a few years, the future of trucking never seemed so promising and exciting.

A Brief History of Electric Trucks

The first crude yet viable electric motor which could power a tiny car was built by ÁnyosJedik, a Hungarian priest in 1827. 28% of vehicles running on American roads in 1900 was actually powered by electricity. Milburn electrics was the vehicle used by President Woodrow Wilson and his team of secret service agents to travel around Washington, DC. Once charged, the vehicle could travel a distance of approximately 60-70 miles. Though, initially electric vehicles did not have rechargeable batteries. The first electric carriage was invented somewhere around 1832-1839 in Scotland by Robert Anderson. It ran on primary cells which were non-rechargeable. The nickel-iron battery was one of the kinds of rechargeable batteries.
Of the many companies that produced and sold electrical vehicles, Baker Electric, Detroit Electric and Columbia Electric were quite notable.

Why did electric vehicles lose their prominence?

Cars powered by internal combustion became cheaper. Also large petroleum reserves were found in Oklahoma, California and Texas. Additionally, roads outside urban areas began to improve. Due to the availability of better roads, cars with internal combustion engines became a more popular choice.
In 1913, Henry Ford introduced a line of gasoline-powered vehicles. These vehicles were mass produced which lowered the price. Gasoline vehicles became more and more popular. The electrical vehicles began to lose ground, only to come back with a bang after nearly a century.

Why do Electric vehicles seem like a promising option in the present day?

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There are a number of reasons behind the growing popularity of electric vehicles:

Can use electricity generated by non-conventional sources

Electrical vehicles need electricity to recharge batteries. Apart from fossil fuels, this electricity can also be generated from renewable sources like solar, wind and tidal energy.

Leaking oil from conventional engines

The conventional engine may leak oil. If not detected in time, this can lead to damages. Electric vehicles do not have this fear as they run on rechargeable batteries.

Regenerative braking

Regenerative braking is one of the key advantages of plug-in or hybrid electric vehicles. In a hybrid vehicle a conventional way of propulsion is often merged with an electric one. This braking system helps an electric vehicle gain back the kinetic energy which is usually lost as heat during friction braking. This recovered kinetic energy can be stored in the vehicle’s battery as electricity and give a small recharge in that way.

A step towards autonomous driving

It is an easier integration for full self-driving capabilities to happen with an electric vehicle rather than a traditional engine.

Less noise while operating

Vehicles that run on electricity cause less noise in comparison to a combustion engine. Emitting less noise means that a truck can run in suburban areas at night without causing any disturbance.

Fewer service and maintenance needs

Electric vehicles have fewer service and maintenance needs. This is because there are 30% fewer movable parts as compared to a conventional vehicle with a combustible engine.

No tailpipe emissions

As electric vehicles do not run on conventional sources of energy like fossil fuels, there is no smoke emission. Hence, it can be driven in environmental zones as well.

Energy efficient

As electric trucks use rechargeable batteries to function, the energy consumption of the truck is maximized.

Types of Electric Vehicles available

Electric vehicles can recharge batteries from a number of energy sources:

• Fossil fuel
• Nuclear energy
• Solar energy
• Wind energy
• Tidal energy

Based on the type of energy used, electric trucks can be classified into four categories:

• HEV or Hybrid Electric Vehicle
• PHEV or Plug-in Electric Vehicle
• BEV or Battery Electric Vehicle
• FHEV or Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle

HEV or Hybrid Electric Vehicle

Instead of using only a traditional engine, a HEV or Hybrid Electric Vehicle, adds to the engine an electrical option. By using regenerative brakes, HEVs convert kinetic energy into electric energy as mentioned above. These vehicles use both electric energy and use gas or diesel to operate.

PHEV or Plug-in Electric Vehicle

A hybrid electric vehicle which has a battery that has the option of being recharged by plugging it into an external source of energy is called PHEV or Plug-in Electric Vehicle. These vehicles use electricity for short distances. When the battery is over, the driver can switch over to the conventional combustion engine. This type of vehicle allows the driver flexibility that ensures high fuel and energy utilization. The use of electric energy to run the vehicle saves fuel costs. The emissions from the tailpipe are also minimized.

BEV or Battery Electric Vehicle

This type of vehicle uses chemical energy stored in its rechargeable batteries. This is a pure electric vehicle. Being battery operated, BEV vehicles do not have a combustion engine. Instead, it uses electric motors along with motor controllers.

FHEV or Fuel Cell Electric Vehicle

This type of vehiclehas an electric motor, that is recharged by the chemical reaction of oxygen and hydrogen. It is true that some emissions are created while the hydrogen is produced for the fuel cells. However, water is the only waste product while an FHEV is driven.

Autonomous Vehicles

The advancement of electrical vehicles in recent years calls for another futuristic feature in trucking: autonomous driving. The concept of autonomous driving began with the notion of ‘driver assistance’ or ‘assisted driving’. It aims to have completely driverless vehicles or a vehicle where the people inside are passengers. Undoubtedly, the concept of autonomous driving demands an advanced technology with superior sensors. P C Mag has defined an autonomous car as, “A computer-controlled car that drives itself.” Autonomous trucks can save a lot of money too. Morgan Stanley estimates that if American trucks are made autonomous, $168 billion can be saved each year. Though, we are still many years away from full autonomous driving as of now. Autonomous driving has been set to five stages. The fifth stage is considered the most technically and mechanically advanced one:
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Stage 0 – No Automation

Vehicles controlled by human drivers and without any sort of support from computerized driver assistance system is considered stage 0 or ‘No Automation’.

Stage 1 – Driver Assistance

Vehicles in ‘Driver assistance’ level or stage 1 are jointly controlled by the driver and a computerized automated system. There are a number of ways in which this system can work. A driver usually always controls the steering, while the automated system may have certain control over the brakes and speed of the vehicle when required. At times the engine power is controlled by the automated system which ensures that the vehicle can maintain a specific speed. At times parking assistance is also available with this automated system. Here, the speed of the vehicle is controlled manually while the steering is done automatically. However, the driver has to be alert and ready to take up the control if any problem arises. This type of driving is also called ‘hands on’ driving.

Stage 2 – Partly Automated Driving

In stage 2 or the ‘Partly Automated Driving’ level, the driver monitors the driving process while it is conducted by the automated system. If in any situation or condition, the automated system cannot do its job or fails to respond, the driver has to take up manual controls immediately. This stage is at times called ‘hands off’. In this stage it is mandatory for the driver to keep hands on the steering wheel at all times. This mandate is for safety purposes. Having the driver constantly holding the steering wheel means that immediate manual control of the vehicle can be taken up during any situation.

Stage 3 – Highly Automated Driving

The ‘Highly Automated Driving’ level is commonly called ‘eyes off’ level. This means that the driver is not required to constantly monitor the driving or look at the road ahead. The automated system will be able to perform on its own and without any human interference. If any problem occurs, automatically the emergency brakes are applied. Though the driver can usually do personal work while the vehicle is on the road, during adverse or critical conditions human intervention may be required. These situations will be specified by the manufacturer before-hand.

Stage 4- Fully Automated Driving

In the ‘Fully Automated Driving’ the human driver is allowed to take their ‘mind off’ in most of the situations. The driver may sleep or do other work in other part of the vehicle as the vehicle is capable to look after its own safety. This type of vehicle is capable of completing the journey and park itself. However, during traffic jams (which falls under ‘special circumstances’ category) or tight-spaced areas, the vehicle has to be operated by a human driver.

Stage 5- Full Automation

In a vehicle having ‘Full Automation’, the steering wheel is optional. Hence, it does not require any human intervention for any aspect related to driving. Through this type of vehicle, full automation is achieved.

What is our present stage in Truck automation?

Volvo’s VNL and Pleton’s Platooning System are examples of trucks that are available in the trucking market today that have Stage 1 automation. Under the Stage 2 automated truck category, the new 2020 Cascadia will be the first truck in Northern America according to Freightliner. It will begin production from July, 2019. Embark and Starsky Robotics are the two other Stage 2 automated trucks that will be available in the future but at present are in pre-commercial stage. Freightliner Inspiration and Uber Otto are trucks that fulfill the criteria of the Stage 3 automation. However, at present they are only available in prototype retrofits. The Freightliner Inspiration was the first automated truck to be licensed to operate on the highways of the country back in 2015.
At the CES electronics show in Las Vegas on 7th January, 2019, Daimler trucks announced that it will invest more than half a billion dollars and create 200 new jobs in its global endeavor to launch Stage 4 or highly automated trucks in about 10 years. The switch from Stage 2 to Stage 4 is natural and hence the step of conditional automation is being skipped as according to Daimler, conditional automation will not provide any extra advantage to the truck drivers. In the 3rd stage of automated driving, drivers can go about doing other work but have to take immediate control if the system cannot tackle the situation. The mental and physical switch from leisure to prompt action may not be as quick as required thus, it is judicious to skip the Stage 3 altogether. Additionally, Stage 4 will ensure optimal utilization of the trucks. They will be able to travel at night and avoid traffic congestion by smart route management. Future of trucking is looking very promising with autonomous vehicles.

Platooning in Trucks

Another trucking innovation in the near future is platooning. Platooning is the coupling of two or more trucks to form a convoy through the use of automated driving support system and connectivity technology. The ways in which platooning works is:

• The trucks maintain a set automatically.
• The space between the trucks is reduced when the trucks are connected to each other during certain parts of the haul. This reduction of gap between the vehicles improves the aerodynamics which in turn improves fuel efficiency.

Peloton Technology plans to commercially introduce a platooning system that is partially automated. This system at present allows two trucks to work in a close chain. Peloton technology’s PlatoonPro is already being used in fleet operation by six of its clients.
The features of Platooning system by Peloton Technology:

• In the PlatoonPro system, the driver of the rear truck steers the vehicle.
• The powertrain and brakes are controlled by the PlatoonPro system. This allows the vehicles to follow one another at a small gap.
• According to Peloton Technology, the PlatoonPro system ensures average fuel savings of 7%.
• The Automated Following system is a combination of radar-based active braking and software with vehicle-to-vehicle communication. This allows the human driver to guide the steering, acceleration and braking of the following trucks. The human driver will also be able to connect the trucks’ safety systems with little or no latency.
• According to Peloton Technology, the L4 Automated Following truck will double the freight a truck driver is able to haul in one trip.

Usefulness of platooning

Platooning is said to have a number of benefits for the future of trucking:
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Improved safety

Truck platooning is said to improve the safety of the convoy as the brakes of all the trucks can be applied automatically and immediately. It has been seen that during truck platooning, automated brakes take one-fifth of the human time to analyze the road condition and apply the brakes.

Efficient performance

There can be optimal utilization of roads in the platooning system, increasing the range of the roads and avoiding traffic jams. As a consequence, goods can be delivered quickly and efficiently.

Cleaner environment

During truck platooning, the Carbon Dioxide emissions can be reduced along with fuel consumption. The air-drag friction is also considerately reduced as the trucks drive close to one another.
However, Platooning is not really as fuel-effective as it is being claimed by some. Daimler has said that during testing of the platooning system its fuel savings are less than estimated even in perfect conditions. These savings are further reduced if the platoon is disconnected and have to be accelerated again to get reconnected.

Shipper Platform: Uber Freight and Amazon Freight

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Freight brokerage connects shippers with the appropriate carriers. Recently, technology is playing a role in this aspect as well with Shipper Platforms.
The Trucking business was taken by storm with the introduction of shipper platforms like Uber Freight. Shipper platforms connect shippers with small fleets hauling freight via a load-matching feature. Uber Freight launched its load-booking app in May, 2017. The main intention behind the launch of Uber Freight was automating the manual processes of shipper selection and increasing market visibility. It was also intended to relieve shippers from time consuming legal proceedings and the anxiety of getting the best possible deal. This is one of the many ways on how owner operators can find loads.
The features of Shipper Platforms and how they may impact the future of trucking:

• Carriers can book a load with just the click of a button.
• Shippers can instantly connect to a network of drivers and fleets of the Uber network and manage shipments from their office or home.
• Uber freight enables shippers to tender a load with the click of a few buttons saving time and energy.
• Transparency of quotes helps shippers know the marketplace pricing instantly. The Uber Freight’s rates are current on-going marketplace rates which are generated in real-time.
• The vast network of drivers and small fleets with Uber Freight ensures that reliable and appropriate fleets are chosen.
• Shipments can be tracked. For every major milestone, automatic notifications are sent to the shippers.
• Uber Freight’s Uber Freight Plus has a loyalty program. It gives the drivers fuel discounts, servicing discounts, and helps in the purchase of old and new trucks among other features.
• With the completion of the delivery, all the necessary documents are arranged automatically for shippers.

Uber also reported that the freight division has a network of more than 50,000 carriers and mentioned that some of the largest carriers in the country are users of the app. However, it has not been all great for Uber Freight since its launch. Uber Freight posted a loss of $64 million in the first quarter of 2020. According to CNBC, Uber Freight gives 99% of the revenue generated to the trucking companies, which leaves little room for profitability.
There may also be a few other reasons why Uber Freight has not been fully able to live up to its vision:

Rudimentary features

With the growth of GPS tracking and ELD devices, merely providing shippers the details of the truck’s location is not unique. Shippers also need to know the route the truck is taking and the HOS data.

Not so reliable in fleet and driver selection

In Uber Freight there is not a lot of barrier to sign up. All carriers do not have to provide basic requirements like an active DOT/ MC number, proper safety ratings or proof of insurance. A shipper may not feel comfortable about doing business with such carriers.

Shortage of drivers

Uber Freight provides drivers a number of perks. In spite of this, driver shortage is quite a problem. Drivers will want a steady job that ensures a good livelihood. Hence, many drivers will prefer to work with a trucking company with regular pay, rather than rely completely on Uber Freight.

Focus on shippers rather than carriers

While launching the load-booking app, the shippers’ perspective was given a lot of importance as the price transparency feature shows. However, the carriers are an integral part of the trucking business too. Apart from the loyalty program there has not been a push to ensure that carriers get steady and constant work through Uber Freight.
Uber Freight is not deterred from their path though, and mentioned recently in 2020 that their focus is still there to grow the Uber Freight business.
Amazon has also launched its own freight app, ‘Amazon Freight’. Amazon Freight was released quite quietly some time in 2016 or 2017. This app allows truck drivers to take up jobs of hauling Amazon packages in Prime-branded trailers across the country.
Fleets can sign up through the website and hauling assignments get allotted accordingly. There are a few requirements which drivers have to fulfill:

• A fleet should have at least 3 trucks.
• The trucking company should have its own DOT/MC number.

Amazon tried to use the truck drivers base and enhance its business via the Amazon Freight service. However, truckers do not see a good livelihood coming from only hauling Amazon trailers. Anecdotal evidence says that the payment is fairly low. It can be kept as an option, or can be opted as back-hauling. Doing business exclusively with Amazon Freight is said to not be fully profitable. In spite of the initial setbacks, Uber Freight and Amazon Freight are changing the future of the trucking business.
Amazon launched its freight app ‘Relay’ in 2018. It operates in 5 states—Connecticut, New Jersey, Maryland, New York and Pennsylvania. Its aim is to give truckers additional freight information. It has features like route tracking and expedited checking procedures at the warehouses. It has been designed to help truckers get faster entry and exit at the Amazon warehouses. It is Amazon’s first attempt at automating the truck delivery process.
How does the Relay work?
In these 3 steps:
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Amazon also intends to build an app like Uber Freight that will match cargo shippers with truck drivers.

Blockchain Trucking

The trucking industry in general has certain inefficiencies. Deals can take time to get finalized. The related paperwork is again, time-consuming and hectic. The trucking industry needs an open platform where shippers and carriers can view each others profile, get the selection process done in less time and get the load rolling. However, how will this be possible? The Blockchain is kindling hopes of achieving a seamless and frictionless trucking system. First, let's understand the basics of blockchain and how it can make the trucking space a community where work can get done more efficiently.

What is Blockchain?

Blockchain is an open digital ledger. It is a business network where transactions can be recorded along with tracking of assets. Blockchain technology is inherently based on cryptography, a complicated branch of mathematics. Blockchain is also decentralized. It depends on the consensus of a peer network spread across the world to function. This digital ledger is made up of a series of ‘blocks’. The blocks are the bundles of transactions which are connected together in an open ‘chain’. The data entered in the blockchain is considered to be true and valid. As being a decentralized forum, there is no single authority to verify the facts. Everyone is always on the same page. It is impossible to change or modify the data in a block as that will modify the entire chain and will need consensus from the entire network.
The whole community associated with the blockchain will be able to validate the data entered by an organization as blockchain technology is an open-to-all ledger. It leaves no room for speculation, assumption and data falsity. Hence, a holistic trucking ecosystem can be developed through a blockchain network. After all, organizations can be rest assured that the data they have been provided is authentic and validated.

How will blockchain be used in the future of trucking?

The trucking industry can definitely benefit from blockchain technology. One of the obstacles of the trucking industry is that it is largely fragmented. There’s no open knowledge about which shippers are currently looking for carriers or which carriers are open to haul shipments. Blockchains open ledger will open up the trucking industry. One of the problems it will most definitely solve is matching appropriate truckers with shippers. In the longer run blockchain technology can function as an open network for truckers.
The trucking industry largely depends on paperwork. Due to this, administration and processing costs have gone up to 20%. However, blockchain technology allows the sharing and easy distribution of documents on the open ledger. This sharing facility makes paperwork between shippers and carriers quite unimportant. Easing out the hassles of documentation will make payments possible in less time.
Some trucks, especially refrigerated ones, carry medical shipments. These are at times detained at customs for large periods of time. This mostly happens when trucks exceed the allowed range of temperature. A blockchain enabled refrigerated truck-trailer made by the Swiss Tech company, SkyCell, lowered the temperature-deviated rate to less than 0.1%. With the use of smart approvals, clearance at the customs checkpoints can be made smoother and more efficient. Moreover, a refrigerated trailer has to be closely recorded at every step. It has to pass through more than 30 organizations which require more than 200 different pieces of information. Any miscommunication can either delay the shipment or the shipper may lose track of it. A blockchain network will ensure that communication at every step is clearly noted. This ensures the shipment reaches the respective facility on time.
The e-commerce industry has developed in such a pace that same-day and 2-hour delivery options are provided to customers. For a parcel to be delivered in the same day or in 2 hours, the technology should not have any glitch. The traditional trucking technology largely relies on paperwork at every stop can not be suitable for such a fast-paced delivery. The blockchain technology with its immediate access to order tracking and authentication ensures that the delivery takes place in the required time.
At times, trucking companies order spare truck parts and also old trucks. The tracking of these spare parts or old trucks can be pretty exhausting as no proper forum is provided for constant tracking. However, the blockchain network will enable the efficient tracking of the supply chain as well.
These are the different ways that blockchain can impact the future of the trucking industry:
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Efficient Freight Tracking

As mentioned above consumer expectations are ever-increasing along with demands for same-day delivery and two-hour delivery. Blockchain will not only take care of the tracking of the shipments but also help in authentication.
In order to ensure consistent improvement in trucking operations, authentic data has to be provided to transportation companies. EDI or electronic data interchange and API or application program interface leaves room for data manipulation or misinterpretation. Blockchain has the backup of the entire network to contribute information and authenticate the data. Hence, there is no scope of data tampering. Blockchain also improves the efficiency of temperature controlled and refrigerated trucking which is reliant on on-time delivery by giving data backup at every step.

IoT (The Internet of Things) and AI (Artificial Intelligence) enhance monitoring efficiency

Carriers and shippers can detect the total space taken up by a shipment in a trailer with the help of IoT. This helps to determine the expense of the shipment and all the information can be transmitted to the blockchain. This aids in maintaining the transparency of the freight cost. SkyCell had created containers for air freight. These containers monitor humidity, temperature and location for transporting biopharmaceuticals that require refrigeration. Its cloud platform is also utilized by SkyCell for recording every document of the shipping process, from start to finish. As these cargos travel through various check-points, all the required documents available at hand make the transportation process easy and efficient. Thus, the blockchain technology ensures that valuable cargo is transported intact and has the backup of all supporting documents that might be needed along the journey by using IoT and AI.

Maintaining vehicle performance history

While it is very important to have fleet tracking records for future use, the tracking records of a vehicles performance is also beneficial for the future. A vehicles performance records include its maintenance history and past performance. When considering used trucks, buyers are usually interested in the past history of the truck. However, that leaves a grey area of speculation. With blockchain technology, a prospective buyer and seller will have all the information validated by the entire network easing any intermediary speculations.

Ease of new carrier onboarding

While taking on new carriers, it is quite difficult for freight brokers to find all the adequate information on that carrier. It is quite time consuming to get all the required details together and that also leaves room for speculation. However, with the blockchain system all the necessary details of the new carrier will be provided by the decentralized network. This network stores all the data of the carriers operating in the transportation and freight industry. No new carrier will be able to give false information in an open network.

Vehicle to vehicle communication via the Internet of Things (IoT)

Platooning technology uses vehicle to vehicle communication to enable vehicles to work together as a convoy. This communication via IoT can improve the vehicles efficiency and safety as the platooning system claims to do. All communication information can be stored in the blockchain and this information will be helpful for all the transportation companies using the blockchain network to operate their fleets better.

Improving reliability of load boards

In a blockchain network, all the loads can be verified by others and get time-stamped in the process. This will ensure that loads are not duplicated and the carriers get authentic information. The blockchain network will also be able to authenticate all the loads put up. Thus, the reliability of the load board is improved due to a blockchain network.

Smart Contracts

Smart Contract allows companies to program self-executing tasks in the blockchain network. The task gets automatically performed when certain criteria are fulfilled. For example, a carrier’s payment can be released when the cargo reaches the facility if the task has been set accordingly.
Those are a list of some potential benefits. The largest blockchain network at present is by the Blockchain in Trucking Alliance (BiTA). Its current members have exceeded 1000 in number. The members include mcCleod Software, UPS, DAT, Salesforce, Don Hummer trucking, Transfix. BiTA members are taking part in nearly 85% truck-related global transactions. Its blockchain standards have brought a uniformity and efficiency in the trucking community. Sweetbridge is another blockchain based technology that seeks to take care of the significant inefficiencies of the supply chain across the world. Some major problems it addresses are — supply chain operations, supply chain flexibility and supply chain liquidity.
The blockchain revolution has just begun. It must also be taken into account that to use a blockchain system, the trucking or shipper company must have the adequate resources like the required hardware and software, along with the technological know-how. In spite of all the speculated downsides, blockchain seems like a wonderful solution for many trucking problems. It must be nurtured with time and technical advancement. In the coming years, the trucking industry’s profitability and efficiency will reach new heights if blockchain trucking’s functionality continues along the same graph.

Artificial Intelligence and Trucking

According to the American Trucking Association, the US freight transport will increase to 20.73 billion tons by 2028. This huge growth by 36.6% from the freight weight of 15.18 billion tons in 2017 will need an advanced infrastructure. This will be able to ensure smooth operation of such a ‘healthy’ industry. Along with the existing challenges, fuel prices, increasing cost of operation, driver shortage and shortage of shipping capacity will be the crucial areas in coming years. Every American is virtually affected by trucking. Hence, smooth operation must be ensured so that the economy and the lives of the people maintain a steady pace. AI can be of real help to continue to roll the wheels of the trucking industry.
Some of the key ways in which AI can affect the trucking space are:
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Cost reduction

AI will be able to foster predictive maintenance systems. This will help vehicles perform better. With constant monitoring, any mishap can be predicted beforehand. It can monitor by keeping in check the maintenance logs, IoT sensors, and other external sources. This will have a dual impact of reducing the maintenance costs and increasing the fleet performance. In other words, it can predict when a maintenance will be needed in advance of an issue occuring. So rather than being reactive with maintenance issues, carriers can be proactive.

Lower the numbers of highway fatality

AI along with IoT enhances vehicle to vehicle communication (V2V). V2V along with ADAS, or advanced driver assistance systems, can prevent nearly 40% of road crashes according to a publication by the NHTSA or National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. The prevention of highway fatality will save a lot of money and more importantly lives. Cisco IBSG estimates that the savings can be $280 per crash.

Natural image processing

Trucking involves a lot of paperwork. The documentation has to be stored in proper folders as any information may be required for any purpose in the future. This process can be exhausting and time consuming. AI with its feature of natural image processing can recognize and retrieve any scanned document. This easy retrieving of documents will aid the manual task of computer data entry.

Predictive analytics

AI processes past performance records. This will not only predict the health of a vehicle but will also predict about the drivers. AI will also be able to analyze what conditions are preferred by drivers and what are the chances of driver retention.

Match carrier with shippers

While human freight brokers find it extremely taxing to connect the appropriate carriers with the shippers, AI can easily do so by matching facts and data.
With all the new technological advancements and more to follow, the future of trucking indeed looks promising and exciting. We are also a technology provider in this space and are always looking for ways to improve the life of truck drivers through technology. You can learn more about us - ELD Mandate.

What will you be doing with this PC? Be as specific as possible, and include specific games or programs you will be using.

Looking to help my brother build a gaming PC, but it's been a while since I built mine, and unsure of whats the best way to go with CPUs these days. His gaming needs are for 1440p at high framerates, at least 60 but preferably to match the refresh on the monitor. Performance of games is the top for him, he is tired of stuttering and inconsistent fps.
He does not play online multiplayer, its all single player games, RPGs mostly. Games he is looking to play are Baldur's Gate 3, Midnight Suns, Diablo 4, Starfield, Dead Space Remake, and old stuff like Minecraft, Kerbal Space Program.
This machine will be used pretty much only for games and web browser, no other high end requirements.

What is your maximum budget before rebates/shipping/taxes?

$2,000

When do you plan on building/buying the PC? Note: beyond a week or two from today means any build you receive will be out of date when you want to buy.

Ready to go immediately

What, exactly, do you need included in the budget? (ToweOS/monitokeyboard/mouse/etc)

Just the computer itself, monitor will be a separate purchase later. Want to aim for a 1440p monitor with refresh tech that fits the grpahics card, so suggestions are appreciated, but don't have to be in this build yet. Current monitor is a 1440p monitor but without Freesync or Gsync.

Which country (and state/province) will you be purchasing the parts in? If you're in US, do you have access to a Microcenter location?

Orange County, California. We are withing driving distance of the Tustin Microcenter and would love to use the store as much as makes sense.

If reusing any parts (including monitor(s)/keyboard/mouse/etc), what parts will you be reusing? Brands and models are appreciated.

Keyboard doesn't matter that much, would be interested in a good gaming mouse, but its not as important. This will be used with an Xbox controller quite a bit.

Will you be overclocking? If yes, are you interested in overclocking right away, or down the line? CPU and/or GPU? Probably not, though the option to do so later would be nice.
Are there any specific features or items you want/need in the build? (ex: SSD, large amount of storage or a RAID setup, CUDA or OpenCL support, etc)

Nothing specific,

What type of network connectivity do you need? (Wired and/or WiFi) If WiFi is needed and you would like to find the fastest match for your wireless router, please list any specifics.

Just Ethernet is needed.

Do you have any specific case preferences (Size like ITX/microATX/mid-towefull-tower, styles, colors, window or not, LED lighting, etc), or a particular color theme preference for the components?

RGB and LED stuff is not needed, but doesn't have to be avoided. Mid-Tower is ideal but again, not required.

Do you need a copy of Windows included in the budget? If you do need one included, do you have a preference?

Do not need it included

Extra info or particulars: I have largely been an Nvidia guy, but since the 40 series, I haven't felt as great about them as before. I like DLSS and I have had great experiences with GSync, but I know that AMD could be better. I am more interested in him getting the best bang for buck with graphics, and what will allow him to play the newest games at a great framerate for a while so he feels good about his purchase.

Thanks for all you help, this board is very appreciated!